Taking Charge: What Is Breast Cancer?
乳腺癌是一种由乳腺细胞发展而来的恶性肿瘤. 虽然男性偶尔会得这种病,但它被认为是一种“女性癌症”."
Many women develop breast lumps, and most are benign (not cancerous). In these cases, 肿块通常是由纤维囊性改变引起的——充满液体的囊(囊肿)的形成和支撑乳房的结缔组织的疤痕.
如果肿块或其他乳房异常是癌症,它可能是非侵入性的,也可能是侵入性的. 非侵袭性癌症是一种非常早期的癌症,尚未扩散到导管之外. 浸润性癌症已经从乳腺导管扩散到周围的乳腺组织,并可能已经扩散到淋巴结. 转移性乳腺癌已经从乳房扩散到身体的其他部位.
Invasive breast cancers
Invasive breast cancers include:
- Infiltrating (or invasive) ductal carcinoma (IDC). 这种类型的疾病占所有浸润性乳腺癌的80%. 这是一种已经突破管壁并侵入脂肪组织的癌症. 它有可能扩散或转移到身体的其他部位. 这可以通过血液或淋巴系统发生.
- Infiltrating (or invasive) lobular carcinoma (ILC). 这占浸润性乳腺癌的10%到15%. ILC most often starts in the glands where milk is produced. It looks different under a microscope than ductal carcinoma, and has the potential to spread elsewhere in the body. 与IDC相比,乳房x光检查或体格检查更难以发现.
- Inflammatory breast cancer. This rare disease accounts for about 1 percent of all breast cancers. 这是一种侵袭性和快速生长的癌症,使乳房皮肤看起来发红,感觉温暖, as if it were infected. The skin has a thick, pitted appearance, 由癌细胞阻塞乳房皮肤上的淋巴管或淋巴管引起.
Other, 相对罕见的侵袭性乳腺癌类型有更好的预后-意味着预期的结果-比上面列出的侵袭性癌症是髓样癌(占乳腺癌的5%)。, tubular carcinoma (accounting for 2 percent) and mucinous carcinoma. 乳头佩吉特病是一种从乳腺导管扩散到乳头皮肤和乳晕的癌症, the dark area around the nipple. It accounts for 1 percent of breast cancers. 叶状瘤是一种在乳腺间质中形成的罕见肿瘤, or connective tissue of the breast.
Noninvasive breast cancers
Tests such as mammography, or X-rays of the breast, 让十大赌博平台排行榜看到可能永远不会扩散到其他组织的微小生长. These noninvasive growths, 癌细胞还没有冲破导管进入乳腺的其他部位, account for 15 percent to 20 percent of the breast "cancers.“其他用于非侵入性乳腺癌的术语是原位癌或0期乳腺癌.
非侵袭性乳腺癌有时会随着时间的推移转变为侵袭性疾病. 关于如何治疗非侵入性乳腺癌的决定是基于其改变的潜力.
Noninvasive breast cancers include:
- Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). This is the most common type of noninvasive breast cancer. “原地”是指生长局限于它开始生长的直接区域, 导管原位癌是局限于乳管的癌症. 在DCIS中,癌症还没有扩散到乳房的脂肪组织或身体的其他部位.
十大赌博平台排行榜认为大多数类型的DCIS不太可能发展为浸润性癌症,但有些类型会. For this reason, 你的十大赌博平台排行榜可能会建议治疗DCIS,因为它可能会成为侵入性的——手术切除受影响的区域. DCIS通常在乳房x光检查中发现,但也可能发生在乳房肿块中. - Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). LCIS is a noninvasive growth in the milk lobules of the breast. It does not become cancer, 但患有这种疾病的女性有时确实会在同侧或对侧乳房发展出其他侵袭性癌症. 因此,LCIS被认为是乳腺癌风险增加的标志, 有这种情况的女性应该定期做乳房x光检查和临床检查.
Read More
- Next section of Taking Charge: Who gets breast cancer?
Return to the Taking Charge Index
- What Is Breast Cancer?
- Breast Cancer Risk Factors
- If You Are at High Risk for Breast Cancer
- Screening for Breast Cancer
- How Is Breast Cancer Diagnosed?
- How Is Breast Cancer Treated?
- What Is Ovarian Cancer?
- Who Gets Ovarian Cancer?
- If You Are at High Risk for Ovarian Cancer
- Screening for Ovarian Cancer
- How Is Ovarian Cancer Diagnosed?
- How is Ovarian Cancer Treated?
- Living with Ovarian Cancer
- Diet, Lifestyle and Cancer
- Glossary of Terms
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